Which is an example of a negative emotion?
Whether we are making arguments or analyzing them, it is important that we use pathos carefully. Often, our emotions can get in the way of clear and critical thinking on an issue. Pathos can and should be used to clarify how a well-supported position relates to our values and beliefs but should never be used to manipulate, confuse, or inflate an issue beyond what the evidence is capable of supporting.
Since audiences may be suspicious of an argument that is solely based on emotion, effective speakers should use emotional appeals that are logically convincing. Emotional appeals are effective when you are trying to influence a behavior or you want your audience to take immediate action (Stiff & Mongeau, 2003). However, emotions lose their persuasive effect more quickly than other types of persuasive appeals. Since emotions are often reactionary, they fade relatively quickly when a person is removed from the provoking situation (Fletcher, 2001).
Pathos refers to emotional appeals. Stirring emotions in an audience is a way to get them involved in the argument, and involvement can create more opportunities for persuasion and action. Pathos can be expressed through words, pictures, or physical gestures. Because pathos is employed to specifically trigger the emotional states of the readers and listeners, it is powerful, but can be an incredibly manipulative, method of appeal. Reading in the paper that a house was burglarized may get your attention, but think about how different your reaction would be if you found out it was your own home. Intentionally stirring someone’s emotions to get them involved in an argument that has little substance would be unethical; however, speakers have taken advantage of people’s emotions to get them to support causes, buy products, or engage in behaviors that they might not if given the chance to see the faulty logic.
Which is an example of a negative emotion?
The following three TED Talks each address the science and growing body of research that explores the biological origins of our emotional states and what we can learn about ourselves from carefully studying our feelings. While not addressing the techniques of argument analysis and critical thinking directly, we can learn a great deal from these talks about the way pathos is used to influence our choices, perceptions, thoughts, values, and beliefs.
When you offer evidence, expert testimony, statistics, facts, and other rational “support” for your argument, you are using Logos.
Writers typically use all three appeals, ethos, logos, and pathos, within an argument because depending too heavily on only one appeal can lead to issues that will hinder the argument from being successful at conveying its purpose to its intended audience. For example, an argument built primarily on ethos might lead the audience to think that a speaker is full of himself or herself, a speech full of facts and statistics appealing only to logos would result in information overload, and an argument that is saturated with appeals to pathos may be seen as overly biased or intentionally manipulative.
Competence refers to the perception of an author’s expertise in relation to the topic being discussed. An author can enhance his or her perceived competence by presenting an argument based on solid research that is well organized and logically sound. Competent authors must know the content of their topic/argument and be able to effectively deliver that content.
Example of Deductive Reasoning Using a Syllogism:
For example, the leader of a country is typically granted some level of credibility even though few people under his or her leadership have personally interacted with or even met the leader of the country they live in.
Example of an Appeal to Emotion
There are three appeals to make writing persuasive which are logos, pathos, and ethos. This are appeals a writer uses to convince or persuade the reader to take action or agree with the author’s point of view. For example, suppose you bought something that you are not satisfied with and you want to get the money back by mail. There is no way that you can only write down “give me the money back.” In a situation like this one,
Example of Deductive Reasoning Using a Syllogism:
Appeals to logos are an important part of academic writing, but you will see them in commercials, as well. Although they more commonly use pathos and ethos, advertisers will sometimes use logos to sell products. For example, commercials based on saving consumers money, such as car commercials that focus on miles per gallon, are appealing to the consumers’ sense of logos.
Rhetorical Appeals (Logos, Pathos, Ethos)
In order to develop strong appeals to logos, we have to avoid faulty logic. Faulty logic can be anything from assuming one event caused another to making blanket statements based on little evidence.
Example of an Appeal to Emotion
you could consider the persuasive appeals to help you write an email. Logos, pathos, and ethos, make it is easier to get the sympathy of the manager and your money back. As you can see persuasive appeals are like a writing weapon to affect and create a strong base for the message.
Logical appeals use logic, evidence and reasons to convince.
Logos is about appealing to your audience’s logical side. You have to think about what makes sense to your audience and use that as you build your argument. As writers, we appeal to logos by presenting a line of reasoning in our arguments that is logical and clear. We use evidence, such as statistics and factual information, when we appeal to logos.